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COMMUNICABLE DISEASE SURVEILLANCE IN CROATIA
• Communicable
disease case notification in
March
T
y p h u s a b d o m i n a l i s.
Two reports received in March relate to cases from previous
year. Both cases were imported: India/Nepal and Peru /Bolivia
respectively.
H e p a t i t i
s A
(epidemic jaundice). Only 3 cases were registered in March reflecting a
generally favorable epidemiological situation, with constantly low incidence (9
in February; 6 in March 2006).
P e r t u s s i
s
(whooping cough). Incidence is similar to the previous month (Mar: 8, Feb: 3),
and to March last year (6). Small cluster is seen in Zagreb Tresnjevka (3).
M o r b i l l i
(measles). No cases owing to systematic vaccination.
R u b e l l a.
After a long period of low incidence and even zero incidence, owing to mass
vaccination in March an increase is observed (21:2) as a consequence of cluster
in Dubrovnik (21). All patients were unvaccinated.
V a r i c e l l
a
(chicken pox). The period of high seasonal incidence continues in March with
2,658 cases reported, similarly to February (2,434) and to March last year
(2,664).
S y p h i l i s.
There were 8 cases in March, which is slightly more than in February (1) and
also more than in March last year (3). A half of these cases has been registered
on Zagreb area.
P s i t t a c o
s i s.
In March 3 cases were reported (2 from Makarska, 1 from Koprivnica).
I n f l u e n z
a.
Seasonal outbreak is at its maximum in March, with a total of 53,539 cases
reported, which is about equal to February (53,546).
•
No reports in March
from:
Novalja, Solin, Vis and Lastovo. Total: 4 out of 113
epidemiological districts
•
Epidemic outbreaks
Following outbreaks
were reported in March:
Note:
in all outbreaks mentioned here, epidemiological investigation
and necessary measures were undertaken, preventing thus other
potential cases.
Sibenik - tuberculosis in an institution for mentally retarded
with 5 cases registered out of 65 exposed between 11.4. 2006 and
22.3. 2007. Source not found, but all diseased were infected by
the identical genotype of M. tuberculosis according to the
report of the Laboratory for tuberculosis diagnostics of the
Croatian national institute of public health.
Zupanja –
tuberculosis in a family. There were 3 diseased out of 13 exposed members
between 11.7. 2006 and 1. 10. 2007. Source: a family member.
Dubrovnik –
histamine food poisoning in a hotel. On 29.12. 2006 total of 11 members of the
hotel staff out of 150 persons exposed got ill after a meal of tuna filets of
foreign origin (used after the expiry date). Increased amounts of histamine were
detected in meat samples tested.
Pula – acute
gastroenteritis in a hospital. Between 16.1. and 6.2. 2007 there were 90
diseased out of ca 700 exposed. Causative agent: noro-virus (Norwalk agens).
Mode of spread: contact.
Rovinj –
enterovirosis presenting itself as a hand-mouth-foot disease, in a kindergarten.
Between 22.1. and 5.2. 2007 there were 20 diseased out of 57 exposed in four
infant groups. Virlological examination of stool samples turned negative for
enteroviruses however.
Zadar – hospital
outbreak of noroviral gastroenteritis. Between 26.1. and 9.2. 2007. there were
39 diseased (patients and staff). Mode of spread: contact and by aerosol
Split -
psittacosis (ornithosis), microbiologically not confirmed, with 4 diseased (2
hospitalized) between 9.2. and 18.4. 2007 on the Kastela and Split area. All
patients had been in contact with parrots purchased recently in several shops in
town of Split. (one of them employed in a pet shop selling parrots). Veterinary
examination confirmed the infection among birds from those bird shops.
Vukovar –
salmonellosis (S. enteritidis) after family celebration on 18.2. 2007.
All 12 exposed members got ill. Vehicle: home made cream cakes with domestic
eggs. No cakes left for analyses. Diarrheal disturbances noticed among hens in
the household.
Pula – acute
gastroenteritis, etiology not resolved, probably viral, in a kindergarten.
Between 20.2. and 22.2. there were 15 diseased among children, staff and
children parents. Mode of spread: mostly contact.
Pozega – acute
gastroenteritis in a group of school children, their professors and family
members. Between 3.3. and 7.3. 2007 total of 15 diseased were recorded out of 70
exposed persons. Causative agent not found, probably was viral, as tests for
pathogenic enteral bacteria turned negative, and no common vehicle (food or
drink) had been detected, but contact spread seemed to be most dominant.
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